We cover: Mechatronics systems, Embedded systems, Process measurement systems, Industrial Control, Industrial Communication networks, Industrial Instrumentation, Industrial networking, Microcontroller systems, Sensors and data acquisition systems, Industrial Automation, Process control, Distributed Control Systems, Smart Instrumentation systems, etc.
Basically sensor outputs can be categorized into two types: discrete also referred to discrete or logic and proportional also called analog. Discrete sensors supply a single logical output (1 or 0) e.g. a flow switch used … Read more
The photoelectric pressure transducer uses a phototube and a light source (either a stable source of light or ac modulated light) separated by a window, whose aperture is controlled by the force summing device of the pressure transducer as illustrated … Read more
Electronic IC temperature sensors are specialized integrated circuits that are used for sensing temperatures in the -55° C to +150°C range.
The working principle of IC temperature sensors is based on semiconductor physics. When … Read more
The IEEE-583, IEEE-595, and IEEE 596 CAMAC (Computer Aided Measurement and Control) standards define a hardware and data transmission system which is used to house, support and communicate with various compatible instrumentation modules.
A typical CAMAC crate shown in Figure … Read more
There are various types of instructions that are available in a PLC. The instruction set will vary depending on the brand and type of processor you are working with. For example, the classic Allen-Bradley … Read more
The input/output modules act as the signal interface between the monitoring sensors and actuators, and the controller. Additional they provide electrical isolation, if needed, to convert the input signals into an electronic format appropriate for evaluation by the … Read more
A bus in computer systems means a collection of unbroken signal lines that interconnect computer modules; these connections are usually made by taps on the lines. Examples of parallel bus architectures and protocols include: IBM PC bus (IBM PC/XT/AT), the … Read more
Virtual instruments (VI) are instruments based on computer software whose controls and displays are presented on a computer screen and whose operation and settings are controlled by the keyboard and mouse. Instead of purchasing a number of expensive, dedicated, standalone … Read more
Calibration of the sensor is the relationship between the physical measurement variable input and the signal variable output for that specific sensor. Typically, a sensor or an entire instrument system is calibrated by providing a known physical input to the … Read more
In the vast landscape of industrial measurement, load cells play a pivotal role in ensuring the accuracy and reliability of weight and force measurements. These sophisticated devices, integral to myriad applications across industries, convert mechanical force into measurable electrical outputs.… Read more
