Category: Electronics
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Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor (IGBT) – Structure, Operation & Applications
IGBT is a voltage controlled device. It has high input impedance like a MOSFET and low on-state conduction losses like a BJT. In other words, this power device combines the voltage control of the MOSFET gate with the superior conduction characteristics of the bipolar device. Nonetheless, the IGBT utilizes injected-charge modulation in the base region…
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What are Printed circuit boards (PCBs)?
Introduction Printed Circuit Boards (PCBs) are the important components in electronic devices that offer mechanical support and electrical connections between miscellaneous components. They are made of an insulation substance with a conduct pattern that helps in the stream of electricity. PCBs act as the backbone of electronic circuits, enabling efficient and organized connections. What are…
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How Artificial Intelligence is Revolutionizing PCBs
The intersection of artificial intelligence (AI) and printed circuit board (PCB) technology marks a pivotal shift in the electronics industry. This fusion not only heralds a new era of innovation but also redefines the boundaries of what’s possible in electronics design and manufacturing. In this deep-dive analysis, we’ll explore how AI is revolutionizing PCBs, transforming…
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Optothyristors: Features & Principle of Operation
Silicon Controlled Rectifiers (SCRs), Triacs and other solid-state devices used for switching larger voltages and currents ON and OFF are referred to as thyristors. Thyristors control switching in an ON-OFF way, in the same way to a light switch which is different from a transistor that can vary the amount of current in its emitter-collector…
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Zener Diode and Emitter-Follower/Series Voltage Regulators
Almost all electronic devices and circuits need a dc source of power for their operation. While batteries and dry cells can be used as a form of dc power supply, their voltages are usually low and they require frequent replacement; additionally they are costly compared to regular dc power supplies. The domestic ac supply can…
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Gunn Diode – Features, Operation & Applications
Features of a Gunn Diode A gunn diode is made up of only N-type semiconductor which is typically sandwiched between two metal conductors. The central section is usually lightly doped N– surrounded by heavily doped N+ layers. The central section is N-gallium arsenide whereas the two outer sections undergo epitaxial growth from GaAs with increased…
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What Is the Aluminium Layer of a PCB?
Aluminium is among the most important metals on earth. It’s used in various industries and applications, including aircraft parts, furniture, and sporting equipment. However, did you know it’s also used to create aluminium substrate PCBs – one of the most important components of modern electronics? In this post, we’ll discuss the design, function, benefits, and…
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Voltage Doubler Circuit Operation
A voltage multiplier is a specialized rectifier circuit capable of producing dc output voltage which is theoretically an integer times the AC peak input, for instance, it is possible to get 200 VDC from a 100 Vpeak AC source using a voltage doubler, 300 VDC using a voltage tripler or 400 VDC using a voltage…
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Clamper Circuits – Features & Applications
A clamper circuit or dc restorer is used to clamp a peak of a waveform to a specific DC level compared with a capacitive coupled signal which swings about its average DC level (normally 0 V). If the diode is removed from the clamper, it defaults to a simple coupling capacitor – that is, no…
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Clipper Circuits – Features & Applications
A clipper also referred to as a limiter is a circuit which removes the peak of a waveform. A clipper consists of diodes, resistors and sometimes DC sources to clip or limit the output to a certain level. The input-output characteristics of clipper circuits are typically similar to those of the forward-biased and reverse-biased diode…