The increasing requirement to demonstrate the integrity and reliability of engineering materials, products and plant has contributed immensely to the…
For anyone performing a measurement using a particular instrument, it usually matters to know whether the instrument is calibrated or…
Radar level transmitter basically employs electromagnetic waves to determine the fluid level in a tank. It converts level information into…
Signal transmission in process instrumentation and control systems is largely done via electrical transmission but there are a few areas…
In similar way to electronic systems, redundancy is extensively employed technique for enhancing the reliability of many industrial plants and…
Interferometer sensors employ energy in the form of light or sound to make precise position/location measurements. There are a number…
AC generators can be utilized in high precision control systems. The AC generator rotor is rotated by the rotating shaft…
Magnetostrictive sensors detect the location of a magnetic ring that slides along a conductive metal tube; in other words this…
Discrete Sensor Outputs Basically sensor outputs can be categorized into two types: discrete also referred to discrete or logic…
The photoelectric pressure transducer uses a phototube and a light source (either a stable source of light or ac modulated…
