4 Types of Radiation & How they interact with Matter

1 year ago

We have four key types of radiation, namely: alpha, beta, gamma and neutron. The four types differ in mass, energy…

How Photoelectric Effect Impacts p-n Junctions

1 year ago

When light strikes a semiconductor p-n junction, its energy is absorbed by electrons. Electrons and holes generated by light in…

Gamma Spectroscopy Measurement Technique

1 year ago

Gamma spectroscopy is a radiochemistry measurement technique that determines the energy and count rate of gamma rays emitted by radioactive…

Hierarchical Control Strategies for a Process Plant

1 year ago

In a process plant, we typically have a number of control goals that require different algorithms and types of information…

Permanent Magnet DC Motors – Operation & Applications

1 year ago

Permanent magnet dc motors employ a permanent magnet instead of stationary field winding (as with the case of some other…

Passive vs. Active Sensors

1 year ago

Sensors are normally used to convert physical variables like pressure to signal variables. Sensors are also often termed to as…

Principle of Operation and Applications of a Laser Diode

1 year ago

Laser diodes are PN junction devices under a forward bias. LASER is an acronym for Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission…

Features of Optical Modulators in Telecommunication Systems

1 year ago

Light emitting PN junction devices such as LEDs and laser diodes are easily modulated by superimposing signals on to the…

How to Perform a Brake Test on a DC Motor

1 year ago

Testing is usually performed on DC machines to establish efficiency and power losses. A brake test is a direct technique…

Transformer Substations in an Electric Power Supply System

1 year ago

The greater part of the substations in the power systems are focused on changing of the voltage level of the…