We have four key types of radiation, namely: alpha, beta, gamma and neutron. The four types differ in mass, energy…
When light strikes a semiconductor p-n junction, its energy is absorbed by electrons. Electrons and holes generated by light in…
Gamma spectroscopy is a radiochemistry measurement technique that determines the energy and count rate of gamma rays emitted by radioactive…
In a process plant, we typically have a number of control goals that require different algorithms and types of information…
Permanent magnet dc motors employ a permanent magnet instead of stationary field winding (as with the case of some other…
Sensors are normally used to convert physical variables like pressure to signal variables. Sensors are also often termed to as…
Laser diodes are PN junction devices under a forward bias. LASER is an acronym for Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission…
Light emitting PN junction devices such as LEDs and laser diodes are easily modulated by superimposing signals on to the…
Testing is usually performed on DC machines to establish efficiency and power losses. A brake test is a direct technique…
The greater part of the substations in the power systems are focused on changing of the voltage level of the…
